François Ramade
François RAMADE, an agricultural engineer who holds a doctoral post-graduate degree in science, is a professor emeritus at the Université Paris-Sud (Orsay). He is a former President of the Société Nationale de Protection de la Nature, Honorary President of the Société Française d'Ecologie and a distinguished member of the World Conservation Union. He also acts as an expert for the United Nations Environment Programme. He has published numerous academic works, in particular a two-volume Traité d'Écologie (Éléments d'Écologie), edited by Édiscience International….
IUCN : Created in 1948, the World Conservation Union or International Union for the Conservation ofr Nature (IUCN) brings together 81 States, 120 government agencies, 800 plus NGOs, and some 10,000...
Antoine Lévêque is a doctoral student majoring in animal systems and, more specifically, lepidopterology (the study of butterflies). He is a research assistant for “Natural Heritage, Biodiversity”,...
François RAMADE, an agricultural engineer who holds a doctoral post-graduate degree in science, is a professor emeritus at the Université Paris-Sud (Orsay). He is a former President of the Société...
Management of Protected Areas: The Problems of Integration and Delimitation in Indigenous Societies
17/09/2008 3:51 pm
With the exception of English-speaking and Scandinavian countries, as well as parts of the former Soviet Union populated mainly by people of European descent, protected areas are not generally well-received by local populations but, on the contrary, are considered a constraint imposed by public authorities. This reaction is almost universal in third world countries, most particularly in Africa, and also very often in Mediterranean Europe where protected zones are too often perceived as foreign tourist destinations without any consideration for the residents (Speedy, 1998). Consequently, poaching, illegal wood cutting, fraudulent prospecting and mineral extraction exist to various degrees. Worse still, small farmers also clear the land in various reserves of Africa and Latin America.
The preceding difficulties can be explained in part by insufficient oversight and the absence of volunteer associations dedicated to conservation and to the material interests of rural populations residing in protected zones (Peres and Terborgh, 1995).
In addition, numerous national parks and other similar reserves, in developed and developing countries, are not large enough to ensure the long term support of populations of large, sedentary mammals who live there. Thus, in the United States, even Yellowstone National Park, despite its large size, cannot currently meet these conservation goals for some large species of vertebrates, since they migrate outside the park boundaries (Wilcove and May, 1986).
Gestion des espaces protégés : le problème de l’intégration aux sociétés indigènes et de leur délimitation
François RAMADE
“Eléments d’écologie” (published by Dunod), pp.721-722
2005
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