Global use of fertilizers has more than doubled in the last thirty years. More than 200kg per hectare is used in Europe, China, Japan, and South Korea; 50kg in Australia, 10-20kg in sub-Saharan Africa and central Asia, and an average of 100kg in other countries. This is partly due to the collapse of areas devoted to growing vegetables. During the 2006-2007 season, 164 million tonnes of fertilizer were used, of which 98 million tonnes were for nitrogen, 27 million tonnes for potassium and 39 million tonnes for phosphates. China is the world’s largest mineral fertilizer consumer using 49 million tonnes, followed by India (22 million tonnes), the United States (21 million tonnes), Brazil (9 million tonnes), Indonesia (3.5 million tonnes) and France (3.4 million tonnes). According to the United Nations (UN), since 1960 the number of dead zones in seas and oceans has doubled each decade, particularly because of nutrients such as nitrogen...
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